PSG has now claimed the season-opening trophy on fourteen different times.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a comfortable triumph in the showdown featuring the French league champions and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele found the net early on.
Yet, the southern French side fired twice late to seize a surprise advantage. First, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial leveler in the final moments to send the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping crucial attempts from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all converted with composure for PSG to seal a convincing shootout win.
The record champions PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the past thirteen years.